9 open source tools compared. Sorted by stars — scroll down for our analysis.
| Tool | Stars | Velocity | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
Authelia SSO multi-factor portal for web apps | 27.4k | +74/wk | 79 |
Passport Simple, unobtrusive authentication for Node.js | 23.5k | +1/wk | 79 |
Authentik Flexible identity provider | 20.8k | +117/wk | 79 |
SuperTokens Open source alternative to Auth0/Firebase Auth/Cognito | 15.0k | +12/wk | 77 |
| 14.1k | +37/wk | 87 | |
Ory Kratos Headless cloud-native identity management | 13.6k | +13/wk | 79 |
ZITADEL Identity infrastructure, simplified | 13.4k | +63/wk | 71 |
Logto Auth infrastructure for SaaS and AI apps | 11.9k | +46/wk | 74 |
Lucia Authentication, simple and clean | 10.5k | +1/wk | 77 |
Backstage, originally built by Spotify, is a developer portal framework that gives your engineering org a single place to find services, documentation, APIs, and infrastructure tools. No more separate passwords for every self-hosted app. Go, Apache 2.0. Works with Traefik, Nginx, Caddy, HAProxy, and Envoy. Supports TOTP (authenticator apps), WebAuthn/FIDO2 (hardware keys like YubiKey), and Duo Push for MFA. Identity can come from a local YAML file or LDAP. Provides OpenID Connect so your apps get proper SSO. Fully free. No paid tier, no cloud version, no premium features. Every feature (SSO, MFA, OpenID Connect, access control policies) is included. Self-hosting requires a reverse proxy (you probably already have one), a small Redis instance for sessions, and a database (SQLite for solo, Postgres for teams). Docker Compose gets you running in 30 minutes. Solo homelab users: this is exactly what Authelia was built for. Small teams: works great for shared self-hosted infrastructure. Medium to large: Authelia handles it, but at enterprise scale with SAML requirements and hundreds of apps, evaluate Keycloak or Authentik. The catch: configuration is YAML-only and verbose. Getting OpenID Connect working with each app requires reading that app's specific OIDC docs. There's no web UI for managing users or policies. It's all config files. If you want a point-and-click admin panel, Authentik is the better choice.
Passport is the authentication middleware for Node.js that supports 500+ strategies. It plugs into Express (or any Connect-compatible framework) and gives you a strategy-based system where each login method is a plugin. MIT, JavaScript. The architecture is simple: pick a strategy (passport-local for email/password, passport-google-oauth20 for Google), configure it, add two routes (login and callback), done. There are 500+ community strategies covering everything from Twitter to LDAP to TOTP. Fully free. No paid tier, no hosted service. Every strategy is open source. Solo to large teams: free across the board. Passport is the most battle-tested auth library in the Node ecosystem. If you're on Express, it's probably already in your dependencies. The catch: Passport is showing its age. The core hasn't had a major update in years. Session-based authentication is the default pattern, and while you can do JWT and stateless auth, it's not native. Modern alternatives like Lucia or Auth.js (formerly NextAuth) have better TypeScript support, better documentation, and patterns that match current web architecture. For new projects, especially Next.js or other modern frameworks, Passport feels like reaching for the old reliable when newer options fit better.
SSO (single sign-on), multi-factor auth, user directories, all in one place. The open source version is extremely capable. You get SAML, OAuth2/OIDC, LDAP, SCIM, and proxy authentication. The admin UI is clean and modern. You can set up enrollment flows, password recovery, and MFA without touching code. For a homelab or small company, this replaces paid services like Okta or Auth0. Authentik Enterprise adds features like long-term support, AI-powered risk assessment, and enterprise support starting at $5/user/mo with a 100-user minimum ($500/mo floor). Solo/homelab: the open source version is fantastic. Small teams: same. Growing teams needing vendor support: Enterprise makes sense at $5/user/mo. Large orgs: serious Okta alternative at a fraction of the cost. The catch: initial setup has a learning curve. Authentik uses a flow-based system for authentication logic that's powerful but not intuitive at first. Plan to spend a weekend getting it right. Docker Compose is the recommended deployment; you'll run Postgres, Redis, and the Authentik containers.
SuperTokens is the open source authentication platform: signup, password reset, social login, multi-factor auth, without Auth0 prices or Firebase lock-in. It handles session management, email verification, passwordless login, and social OAuth out of the box. Self-hosting is free with all features. The managed cloud has a free tier up to 5,000 monthly active users (MAUs), which covers most startups. Paid tiers kick in at scale. The catch: the self-hosted version requires running a Java-based core service alongside your app. That's a real dependency: Java runtime, separate process, separate database. The cloud version eliminates this but you're trusting a smaller company with your auth. And the SDK ecosystem, while growing, is narrower than Auth0's. Check that your framework is supported before committing.
Oauth2-proxy sits in front of them and handles it. It's a reverse proxy that forces users to authenticate with Google, GitHub, Azure AD, or dozens of other identity providers before they can reach your app. It's a bouncer for your internal services. Fully free under MIT. No paid tier. You deploy it as a container or binary, configure your identity provider, and point it at whatever you want to protect. It handles the entire OAuth2/OIDC flow. Your backend app never needs to know about authentication. The catch: it's authentication only, not authorization. Everyone who logs in gets the same access. There's no built-in role system or per-path permissions. For that, you need something like Authelia or Authentik. And the configuration is YAML/CLI flags with a lot of options. Getting it right the first time takes some trial and error, especially with less common identity providers.
Ory Kratos is a headless identity server that handles login, registration, password recovery, and account management without depending on Auth0. It handles the backend logic: password hashing, session management, MFA, social sign-in, and you build whatever frontend you want on top of its API. "Headless" means no built-in UI. Kratos exposes APIs and you render the login forms, registration flows, and account settings pages yourself. This gives you complete control over the user experience but means more work upfront. Kratos handles identity lifecycle: registration, login, logout, account recovery, email verification, settings management, and MFA (TOTP, WebAuthn). It stores identities in Postgres or MySQL. The security model is solid, built by a team that takes auth seriously. Ory Network (the managed cloud) offers a free tier with 25K monthly active users, which is generous. Beyond that, pricing starts at usage-based rates. The catch: the learning curve is steep. Kratos has its own concepts (self-service flows, identity schemas, Jsonnet mappers) that take real time to understand. The documentation is extensive but dense. If you just need "add Google login to my app," Kratos is like bringing a bulldozer to dig a garden hole. Supertokens or even NextAuth are simpler for straightforward auth needs.
ZITADEL is a self-contained identity platform: login, signup, SSO, multi-factor auth, user roles, all in one. It's an alternative to Auth0 or Clerk that you can self-host for free. The self-hosted version is free under AGPL-3.0 with all features included: unlimited users, SSO, MFA, RBAC, organizations, branding customization. Nothing is gated. The managed cloud starts free (25,000 monthly active users on the free tier, which is absurdly generous), with paid tiers starting at usage-based pricing. Self-hosting requires a Postgres-compatible database and runs as a single binary or Docker container. Setup is moderate. ZITADEL has good docs but identity systems are inherently complex. Plan for a day of setup and configuration. Solo developers: the cloud free tier at 25K MAU is more than enough. Small teams: still free. Growing teams: self-host or stay on cloud. The free tier covers you longer than any competitor. Large teams: self-host for control, or use the paid cloud for compliance features. The catch: ZITADEL is newer than Keycloak and has a smaller community. If you hit an edge case, Stack Overflow won't have the answer yet. GitHub issues and their Discord are your support channels.
Logto is an auth platform you can self-host for free or use their cloud: login, signup, SSO, MFA, and user management for SaaS apps. Drop in their SDK, get a polished login experience, manage users through their admin console, done. It handles the stuff that's hard to build correctly: OAuth 2.0/OIDC compliance, social login (Google, GitHub, Apple), passwordless auth, MFA, organization management for B2B SaaS, and RBAC (role-based access control, controlling who can do what in your app). MPL-2.0 license. The self-hosted version is fully featured, no artificial feature gates to push you to cloud. The catch: auth is a 'get it wrong and you're on the news' category. Logto is well-built but younger than Auth0 or Keycloak. If you self-host, you're responsible for security patches and uptime of your auth system, and that's not something you want going down at 2am.
Lynis audits the security configuration of Linux and Unix systems: checks file permissions, installed software, kernel parameters, network settings, and authentication configs. It handles sessions, cookies, and the messy parts of auth, but you own the database, you own the code, and you control every decision. No redirect to someone else's login page. It works with any database (Postgres, SQLite, MySQL, MongoDB) and any framework (Next.js, SvelteKit, Astro, Express). The API is deliberately minimal: create a session, validate a session, invalidate a session. OAuth, email/password, and magic links are all supported through clean patterns rather than black-box modules. Completely free under the BSD Zero Clause License, one of the most permissive licenses that exists. No paid tier, no cloud service, no upsells. The catch: Lucia deprecated itself in early 2025. The maintainer explicitly recommended using it as a learning resource and pattern guide rather than a production dependency going forward. The code works, but don't expect new features or security patches. If you're starting fresh, look at Better Auth (similar philosophy, actively maintained) or Logto for a self-hostable auth server with a UI. If you want a managed service and don't mind the vendor dependency, Clerk or Auth0 handle everything but you lose control.